Elliott Jacques Death
Elliott passed away in 2003 at the age of 85 in Gloucester, Massachusetts.
When did Elliott Jacques die?
2003How old was Elliott Jacques when died?
85Where did Elliott Jacques die? What was the location of death?
Gloucester, Massachusetts
Elliott Jacques Birthday and Date of Death
Elliott Jacques was born on January 18, 1917 and died in 2003. Elliott was 85 years old at the time of death.
Birthday: January 18, 1917
Date of Death: 2003
Age at Death: 85
Elliott Jacques - Biography
Elliott Jaques (January 18, 1917 – March 8, 2003) was a Canadian psychoanalyst and organizational psychologist. He developed the notion of requisite organization from his 'stratified systems theory', running counter to many others in the field of organizational development. He developed the concept of 'social systems as defense against unconscious anxiety' (Jaques, 1951) which shed light on the close relationship between organizational task (i.e. the main aim of an organization, such as to produce, cure, etc.) and unconscious group dynamics and how each can aid or distort the other. Jaques' ideas are still very influential in the psychoanalytic study of organizations. He is most widely known for his concept of the "time-span of discretion," a measure of how much responsibility an employee has. Jaques argued that the higher a person was in a hierarchy, the longer he could work to complete a task without supervision. The time span of a CEO of a major institution might be 15-20 years. This concept enabled him to describe a "requisite organization" as one in which each level in the hierarchy had its own distinctive time span. If an organization had too many levels, then their time spans overlapped. In this case managers at a higher level would interfere in the work of managers at a lower level. The process of delegation would be undermined leading to organizational dysfunction.Born in Toronto, Ontario, Jaques was educated at University of Toronto and studied medicine at Johns Hopkins University before receiving his Ph.D in social relations from Harvard University. During World War II, he moved to England where he remained after the war, studying under British psychoanalyst Melanie Klein. He was a founding member, in 1946, of the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations. In 1964, he founded the School of Social Sciences at Brunel University where he became a professor and head of the school, and of its Research Institute of Organisational Studies.The concept of the mid-life crisis was introduced by Jaques in 1965. His development approach to organizational development makes him one of the early contributors to Positive Adult Development.He died in Gloucester, Massachusetts in 2003
